{"id":370,"date":"2026-01-27T17:48:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-27T15:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hawai.li\/de-le-court\/?p=370"},"modified":"2026-04-07T18:12:50","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T16:12:50","slug":"form-over-substance-or-substance-over-form","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dlctax.ch\/en\/form-over-substance-ou-substance-over-form\/","title":{"rendered":"Form over substance or substance over form?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The taxpayer is a lawyer. He is a partner in two partnerships in Liechtenstein. The first is a law firm, the second oversees three fiduciaries, all organised as Anstalten. As a self-employed person, his tax return indicates that the income derived from these two activities is taxable in Liechtenstein and not at his domicile.<br><br>The tax authorities admit that the activity of a lawyer is indeed independent (taxable at the place of practice), whereas the other activity is classified as dependent (taxable at domicile).<br><br>Federal judges remind that dependent or independent status is not determined by the parties' stated intention, but by the reality of how the activity is carried out (para. 2.1. i.f.).<br><br>Federal judges find that the simple company holding the three trusts has no operational activity. The operational activities are carried out at the level of the trusts themselves. The role of partner in the simple company allows for holding positions as bodies within the trusts: board of directors, management committee, manager, etc. The activity within the trusts cannot be attributed to the activity of a lawyer either (cf. 3.2).<br><br>Federal judges are looking into the quality of an 'anstalt'. This is a legal person. They recall the conditions under which a legal person can be treated transparently. Transparency, according to constant jurisprudence, cannot, however, be invoked by the taxpayer for their own benefit (cons. 4.3).<br><br>The judgment is in German. It concerns a St. Gallen case.<br><br>Federal Tribunal, judgment 9C_647\/2024, of 27 January 2026<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83d\udc49 Le contribuable est avocat. Il est associ\u00e9 dans deux soci\u00e9t\u00e9s simples au Liechtenstein. La premi\u00e8re est une \u00e9tude d&rsquo;avocat, la seconde chapeaute trois fiduciaires toutes organis\u00e9es sous forme d&rsquo;Anstalt. Comme ind\u00e9pendant, sa d\u00e9claration fiscale indique que les revenus tir\u00e9s de ces deux activit\u00e9s sont imposables au Liechtenstein et non \u00e0 son domicile. \ud83d\udc49 Le [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-370","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Form over substance ou substance over form? - de le Court<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/dlctax.ch\/en\/form-over-substance-or-substance-over-form\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Form over substance ou substance over form? - de le Court\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\ud83d\udc49 Le contribuable est avocat. 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